Reflection 4

Open Education Resources (OER) can be used as teaching, learning and research materials and other purposes that are educational in nature. Open Education Resources is a way of disseminating knowledge through all platforms and providing learners and other individuals with opportunities to use, share, and reuse knowledge. It is a method of showing that knowledge is a resource anyone could access and acquire at the same time showcasing importance of technology to education. Floe inclusive learning design handbook is an example of an Open Education Resource since it is designed to provide assistance to teachers, web developers and web creators etc. in creation of resources that are personalized and adaptable and allows for diverse learning in terms of catering for individual differences and needs and content preference.

A. Identify three concepts, ideas, or issues you think are the most important and explain why.

Three concepts that I find most important in this inclusive learning design handbook are meeting learner needs and preferences, inclusive learning using visual content (Video) and lastly simulations and web games used in inclusive learning. Learner needs and preferences are important aspects of teaching and learning. It is clear from the handbook that principles behind creation of an inclusive learning is to enhance transformation and malleability of learning resources as by learner preferences and needs. A learner using inclusive learning design has access to many customizations and transformations i.e. text, video and audio content. I think this is an important aspect since learning is an activity that can be enhanced through more interaction with content making it easier to understand and comprehend learning activities.

The second important aspect is video content, which satisfy learner needs since over the past there has been preference of using video content in learning. Video content is proving an important medium of learning provided certain aspects of the video content are catered for. This is an important aspect of inclusive learning design since it is a way of enhancing ability of learners to recreate learning activities as learning is active. It is also important in allowing learners apply different learning strategies. It is also an important aspect is satisfying learner application of different knowledge acquisition styles. Incorporation of video, speech, transcripts and subtitles serving preferences of those who like to read as well as those who prefer viewing.

Web games and simulations is another aspect of inclusive learning I consider important in inclusive learning design.it is a way of enhancing learning experiences since they are interactive. It enhances learning as it increases its attractiveness, interaction and interest. It is a way of ensuring learners are focused on learning rather than interactions through logical and predictable structure of such games.

B. Identify two concepts, issues, or ideas you are having difficulty understanding

Two concepts I have difficulty understanding are aspects of accessibility and scalable vector graphics and definition of perspective in the handbook. Scalable vector graphics are described as vector graphics in markup on a web page. Scales can be adjusted without loss of quality, however, common problems of SVG include unable to use editors, missing fonts and distortion of content. This is difficult for me to understand since I don’t get how it allows accessibility in this kind of learning. Second is concerning the part that talks about perspectives in the inclusive learning. There is value of greatness rather than equality in learning meaning smaller numbers in a group are not valued. I do not agree with this since rank should be an aspect of information source that should allow people acquire valuable information and feedback.

C. Pose one questioning relation to universal design that was not addressed in this module

One question I would like to pose in relation to universal design that was not addressed in the module is; is there evidence of effectiveness of using web games and simulations in inclusive learning? What are the negative and positive effects of web games and simulations on inclusive learning?

Reflection 3

One of my most memorable online learning experiences was when I watched khan academy‘s calculus teaching videos when I was a freshman. Mathematics is not my strength, plus I was new to Canada at that time so that my English was not very good; therefore, I may not be able to fully understand the content of lectures. In order to keep up, I found related teaching videos on Khan academy.

Like most traditional education, the educational communication of this online educational resource is strategic communicative action:  it teaches specific reified knowledge to students. I like watching these videos because each video is not long and each video doesn’t cover much. Basically every video introduces just one point of knowledge. These instructional videos really helped me a lot, although I only got a B finally.

Beside EDCI 339, I am also taking some other online courses like EDCI 335 and 337. In the book Creating Online Learning Experiences, the author Crosslin said that “a larger concept to keep in mind is the isolation that can occur to learners in online learning, away from the immediate contact created by being in the same physical location as other learners. Some learners may prefer this distance, while others may feel the effects of the isolation.” I believe I am the latter. I have a low learning efficiency at home, so I usually choose to study in a library, but I am now in Shanghai, China, and because of COVID-19, public places like libraries are currently closed. I miss the time when I can sit in the library with my classmates to discuss topics.

Speaking of online education, there is now a software in China that I have to mention: DingTalk.

As far as I know, DingTalk was originally a software for corporate offices, but now it is used as an online education platform. Affected by the COVID-19, all schools in China, from elementary school to university, are now using DingTalk for online teaching: teachers teach classes by making live broadcast on DingTalk. And with the outbreak of COVID-19 in Japan, Japan is also likely to use this application for online teaching.

About DingTalk, recently here is a fun story about it: (4:40-5:40)

Like Crosslin said, “technologies are merely tools that can be used in a variety of ways. What matters more is how technologies are applied.” DingTalk is a good media combining some good technologies, how these technologies are used is important, now DingTalk is definetly a qualified online educational platform.

 

References

The picture is from the official site of DingTalk: https://www.dingtalk.com/

Crosslin, M. (2018). Creating Online Learning Experiences. Retrieved from https://uta.pressbooks.pub/onlinelearning/

 

Reflection 2

A. Discuss the difference between online educational content and openly licensed educational content

In my opinion, openly licensed educational content is a subset of online educational content.

Oline educational content can be any sources people can access, it can be online course videos, can be research paper, or online textbooks; people can find them online and use them, but some online educational might need permission to access, like this course, EDCI 339 at UVic, UVic students need to register the course, pay the tuition, then they can access this excellent online educational content. However, openly licensed educational content allow public to access the educational resources and to modify appropriately without permission.

B. Find an open educational resources (OER) and present it on your portfolio, either by linking, embedding, or by including a screenshot

First, the video below well explains what open educational resources are.

One OER I use the most is an educational website called Khan Academy (https://www.khanacademy.org/). On the website there are many free courses, including Math, Science, Economics, etc.

C. Review the OER using the evaluation guide found in the tutorial, provide a brief comment on this process in your post

I found it useful when I was a freshman. To be honest, as a Chinese I was bad at Calculus. I was conflicting with derivitives problems and I found an educational video on Khan Academy.

According to the evaluation guide, the calculas teaching videos have a high relevance. The content of the videos highly fit my calculus course, they directly address many learning objectives in the course. And the video content were all accurate, the instructors in the videos are experienced teachers, students can watch the videos without worries about typos or major errors. Also, I think the quality of the resources is high, instructors usually show a very clear problem-solving procedure. Most of the teaching videos include subtitles, and some of them even offer different language options for non-native English speakers, which also show a high accessibility. Furthermore, the Khan academy videos have some interactivity. Viewers can leave comments under the videos, and the instructors encourage viewers to discuss any problems about the topics. After every chapter, there was a little quiz to check viewers’ understanding about the topics. In addition, about the licensing, most of materials in this website are allowed for educational reuse.

 

D. Discuss how you might use OER in your own life or professional work.

I am major in ECON, sometimes when I do not understand any economic concept, I will search for some teaching videos on Khan Academy because I prefer that someone could use interesting examples to explain to me.

Reflection 1

I was born and grew up in China, and had taken Chinese traditional education for 10 years. In my opinion, the education mode in China is typical instructor-centered: every class has a director, which oversees inspecting learning situation of each student, and the director also teach a main course, like mathematics, English, or Mandarin Chinese. When I was in junior high school, there were about 60 students in a class. The courses were highly synchronous. Every student in the same class take the same courses and write the same assignments. The assignments are assigned by the instructors and mostly are recitation and transcription. The method of management in Chinese education might be the most efficient according to Chinese national conditions: China has a large population, and in 2015, there were 43.12 million junior high school students according to the statistics. Such a large population does not allow Chinese education system to create much customized content.

I personally prefer student-centered courses. I have been studying in University of Victoria for last three years. I found that university courses are relative student-centered (same in China). Instructors are not the core of courses. However, I think that student-centered courses require students to have a strong capacity of self-control. Some students lack willpower and time management skills, and finally they cannot get a satisfactory result on the courses. If a student is not self-determined, then instructor-centered courses might be more suitable for him. And that could be one of the reasons why instructor-centered courses are suitable for kids and student-centered courses are suitable for adults.

As an economics student, I believe that time has been more and more expensive nowadays, and thanks to the development of 5G and cloud computing, using fragmented time to study could be a trend in the near future. People need courses to be more flexible so that they can arrange their time efficiently; in other words, people will need student-centered courses more.